{"id":2437,"date":"2016-06-27T21:00:34","date_gmt":"2016-06-27T20:00:34","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/laclara.info\/es\/?p=2437"},"modified":"2017-01-01T21:34:47","modified_gmt":"2017-01-01T20:34:47","slug":"despena-que-hablar-con-propiedad","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/laclara.info\/es\/despena-que-hablar-con-propiedad\/","title":{"rendered":"Despena&#8230;qu\u00e9? Hablar con propiedad"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><span id=\"result_box\" class=\"\" lang=\"es\"><span class=\"\">El debate<\/span> <span class=\"\">internacional sobre la<\/span> <span class=\"\">despenalizaci\u00f3n,<\/span> <span class=\"\">la<\/span> <span class=\"\">regulaci\u00f3n o<\/span> <span class=\"\">legalizaci\u00f3n de las<\/span> <span class=\"\">\u00ab<\/span><span class=\"\">drogas\u00bb<\/span> <span class=\"\">(concretamente<\/span> <span class=\"\">del cannabis<\/span><span class=\"\">)<\/span> <span class=\"\">hace meses que<\/span> <span class=\"\">va surgiendo<\/span> <span class=\"\">peri\u00f3dicamente.<\/span> <span class=\"\">Y<\/span> <span class=\"\">para<\/span> <span class=\"\">seguirlo,<\/span> <span class=\"\">independientemente de nuestra<\/span> <span class=\"\">postura,<\/span> <span class=\"\">es importante conocer los<\/span> <span class=\"\">t\u00e9rminos y<\/span> <span class=\"\">utilizarlos<\/span> <span class=\"\">correctamente<\/span><span class=\"\">!<\/span> <span class=\"\">Decir que<\/span> <span class=\"\">en Estados<\/span> <span class=\"\">Unidos<\/span> <span class=\"\">la marihuana<\/span> <span class=\"\">es legal<\/span> <span class=\"\">o que<\/span> <span class=\"\">en Uruguay<\/span> <span class=\"\">se puede cultivar<\/span> <span class=\"\">libremente,<\/span> <span class=\"\">no es real<\/span><span class=\"\">!<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p>Por eso hoy os traemos un v\u00eddeo del <a href=\"http:\/\/www.emcdda.europa.eu\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\">European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction (EMCDDA)<\/a> para clarificar conceptos, y os hacemos una transcripci\u00f3n para que pod\u00e1is deteneros el tiempo que sea necesario (y hemos a\u00f1adido algunas notas para entendernos bien).<\/p>\n<p><iframe src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/XpeMlqCCamk\" width=\"560\" height=\"315\" frameborder=\"0\" allowfullscreen=\"allowfullscreen\"><\/iframe><\/p>\n<p>All\u00e1 va:<\/p>\n<p><span id=\"result_box\" class=\"\" lang=\"es\"><em><span class=\"\">Despenalizaci\u00f3n<\/span>, <span class=\"\">No<\/span> <span class=\"\">criminalizaci\u00f3n,<\/span> <span class=\"\">Legalizaci\u00f3n<\/span><span class=\"\">:<\/span> <span class=\"\">Estos conceptos<\/span> <span class=\"\">se suelen<\/span> utilizar <span class=\"\">en el<\/span> <span class=\"\">debate<\/span> <span class=\"\">sobre la oferta<\/span> <span class=\"\">y el consumo<\/span> <span class=\"\">de drogas.<\/span> <span class=\"\">Aunque la<\/span> <span class=\"\">doctrina<\/span><\/em> (<span class=\"\">legal, de las<\/span> <span class=\"\">leyes<\/span><span class=\"\">)<\/span> <em><span class=\"\">no sea<\/span> <span class=\"\">un\u00e1nime,<\/span> <span class=\"\">vamos a examinar<\/span> <span class=\"\">las diferentes<\/span> ideas subyacentes <span class=\"\">para comprender<\/span> <span class=\"\">mejor el alcance<\/span> <span class=\"\">de estos<\/span> <span class=\"\">t\u00e9rminos.<\/span><\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span id=\"result_box\" class=\"\" lang=\"es\"><em><span class=\"\">Para empezar,<\/span> <span class=\"\">consideramos<\/span> <span class=\"\">que existen<\/span> <span class=\"\">diferentes<\/span> grados <span class=\"\">delictivos<\/span><span class=\"\">:<\/span> <span class=\"\">van<\/span> <span class=\"\">desde la ausencia<\/span> <span class=\"\">de infracci\u00f3n<\/span> <span class=\"\">hasta<\/span> <span class=\"\">el delito<\/span><span class=\"\">, que suele<\/span> <span class=\"\">conllevar<\/span> <span class=\"\">un castigo.<\/span> <span class=\"\">En estos<\/span> <span class=\"\">grados<\/span> <span class=\"\">delictivos,<\/span> <span class=\"\">se diferencian<\/span> conductas que est\u00e1n prohibidas <span class=\"\">y conductas que<\/span> <span class=\"\">est\u00e1n permitidas.<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n<p><em><span class=\"\">El primer concepto<\/span> <span class=\"\">que analizaremos<\/span> <span class=\"\">es \u00ab<\/span><span class=\"\">despenalizaci\u00f3n<\/span>\u00ab<span class=\"\">;<\/span> esto es as\u00ed cuando un <span class=\"\">delito que<\/span> se acostumbraba a castigar se modifica para que, aunque siga siendo un delito, ya no est\u00e9 penado<\/em> (que no comporte castigo). <em>As\u00ed el caso puede ser considerado de menor importancia y puede ser archivado o suspendido, o pueda decidirse que el inter\u00e9s p\u00fablico no justifica su encausamiento<\/em> (hacer una causa para llevarla a juicio)<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span id=\"result_box\" class=\"\" lang=\"es\"><span class=\"\"><em>Despu\u00e9s<\/em><\/span><em> tenemos el concepto de \u00abno criminalizaci\u00f3n\u00bb: este es normalmente <span class=\"\">el caso cuando<\/span> <span class=\"\">la tipificaci\u00f3n<\/span> de un delito dentro del ordenamiento jur\u00eddico (<span class=\"\">la descripci\u00f3n<\/span> <span class=\"\">de lo que<\/span> <span class=\"\">se considera<\/span> delito) de un estado, muda del \u00e1mbito penal al no penalt. <span class=\"\">Sigue siendo una<\/span> infracci\u00f3n, una conducta que sigue prohibida y que dar\u00e1 lugar a la intervenci\u00f3n de la polic\u00eda y se deber\u00e1 castigar, pero ya no es delito. Un ejemplo sencillo de esta situaci\u00f3n es el de una multa de aparcamiento: estacionar mal infringe la ley, est\u00e1 prohibido y castigado, pero no se puede considerar un delito.<\/em><\/p>\n<p><em>Tanto \u00abdespenalizaci\u00f3n\u00bb como \u00abno criminalizaci\u00f3n\u00bb se refieren a cambios en el estado jur\u00eddico y se utilizan a menudo para describir las opciones que tiene un estado para alterar la respuesta contra los delitos relacionados con el consumo de drogas.<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span id=\"result_box\" class=\"\" lang=\"es\"><em><span class=\"\">El tercer concepto<\/span> <span class=\"\">que a menudo<\/span> <span class=\"\">se utiliza cuando<\/span> <span class=\"\">se modifican las normas<\/span> <span class=\"\">de drogas es<\/span> \u00ablegalizaci\u00f3n\u00bb: este concepto se aplica <span class=\"\">a la oferta<\/span> de drogas y se utiliza <span class=\"\">cuando se produce una<\/span> modificaci\u00f3n desde una <span class=\"\">conducta prohibida<\/span>, sea o no penal, hacia una <span class=\"\">permitida.<\/span> <span class=\"\">La oferta<\/span> <span class=\"\">de drogas<\/span> <span class=\"\">puede no ser<\/span> un delito en determinadas circunstancias. Esto se llama \u00abregulaci\u00f3n\u00bb, y en Europa es el caso del alcohol y del tabaco, a venta de los que se rige por normas espec\u00edficas (como una edad m\u00ednima para comprar o disponer de una licencia para vender). Si no hay normas espec\u00edficas sobre la limitaci\u00f3n de la oferta se habla de \u00abmercado libre\u00bb; por ejemplo, este es el caso de la venta de productos como el caf\u00e9, a los que no obstante si se aplican las normas gen\u00e9ricas de protecci\u00f3n de los<\/em> (y las) <em>consumidores<\/em> (y consumidoras).<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span id=\"result_box\" class=\"\" lang=\"es\"><em><span class=\"\">Lo esencial<\/span> <span class=\"\">en el caso<\/span> <span class=\"\">de la legalizaci\u00f3n<\/span> <span class=\"\">es que<\/span> <span class=\"\">se cruza<\/span> <span class=\"\">la l\u00ednea que separa<\/span> <span class=\"\">una conducta<\/span> <span class=\"\">prohibida y<\/span> una permitida<span class=\"\">, lo que no<\/span> <span class=\"\">ocurre con la<\/span> <span class=\"\">\u00ab<\/span><span class=\"\">despenalizaci\u00f3n<\/span><span class=\"\">\u00ab<\/span> <span class=\"\">ni<\/span> <span class=\"\">la \u00abno<\/span> <span class=\"\">criminalizaci\u00f3n<\/span><span class=\"\">\u00ab<\/span><span class=\"\">.<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n<p>Os <span class=\"\">a\u00f1adimos una<\/span> <span class=\"\">infograf\u00eda<\/span> <span class=\"\">(<\/span><span class=\"\">de<\/span> <span class=\"\">Pictoline<\/span>) <span class=\"\">que explica<\/span> <span class=\"\">gr\u00e1ficamente<\/span> <span class=\"\">algunas diferencias<\/span>:<\/span><\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-2377 size-large\" src=\"https:\/\/laclara.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/pictoline_desp_leg_reg-504x695.jpg\" alt=\"pictoline_desp_leg_reg\" width=\"504\" height=\"695\" srcset=\"https:\/\/laclara.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/pictoline_desp_leg_reg-326x450.jpg 326w, https:\/\/laclara.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/pictoline_desp_leg_reg-504x695.jpg 504w, https:\/\/laclara.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/pictoline_desp_leg_reg.jpg 696w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 504px) 100vw, 504px\" \/><\/p>\n<p><span id=\"result_box\" class=\"\" lang=\"es\">Sobre <span class=\"\">regulaci\u00f3n<\/span> <span class=\"\">todav\u00eda hay mucho<\/span> que contar, <span class=\"\">pero de momento<\/span><span class=\"\">, esperamos que<\/span> <span class=\"\">estos conceptos<\/span> <span class=\"\">hayan quedado<\/span> <span class=\"\">claros<\/span><span class=\"\">!<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>El debate internacional sobre la despenalizaci\u00f3n, la regulaci\u00f3n o legalizaci\u00f3n de las \u00abdrogas\u00bb (concretamente del [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":2379,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[53],"tags":[167,881,882,17,883,294,293,6,381],"class_list":["post-2437","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-general-es","tag-cannabis","tag-criminalizacion","tag-despenalitzacion","tag-drogas","tag-legalitzacion","tag-maria","tag-marihuana","tag-porros","tag-regulacion"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/laclara.info\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2437","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/laclara.info\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/laclara.info\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/laclara.info\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/laclara.info\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2437"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/laclara.info\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2437\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2438,"href":"https:\/\/laclara.info\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2437\/revisions\/2438"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/laclara.info\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/2379"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/laclara.info\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2437"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/laclara.info\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2437"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/laclara.info\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2437"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}